Create a spreadsheet utilizing the dataset provided below, and then create a histogram

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Unit Assignments

Unit II Case Study

This Case Study is a two-part assignment that will require you to do the following:

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1. Create a spreadsheet utilizing the dataset provided below, and then create a histogram (bar chart) based on that data.
2. Analyze the data as presented in the histogram (bar chart), and then write a narrative based on your findings and the results of the histogram.

For the purpose of this Case Study, you are to take the role as executive fire officer (chief, or EFO) of this fire department. Make sure to save your file periodically in order to protect and preserve your hard work.

Part 1: Using the dataset provided below (three-column table), create a spreadsheet using Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Works, or another spreadsheet software application. The dataset represents a single 24-hour period at a public fire department. It provides three columns of data: Time Period, EMS, and Fire.

Time is written in military format (24-hour format), as most public fire departments, as well as most fire incident reporting software packages, report time in a 24-hour format. For those not familiar with military format, 0000-0100 equates to 11:59 p.m. to 1 a.m.; 0100-0200 equates to 1 a.m.-2 a.m.; and so on.

The numbers found under the EMS and Fire headings represent the number of incidents (calls) that this department responded to during each hourly time period.

EMS and fire suppression are two separate divisions within this fire department. Each is equipped and staffed by personnel trained and educated in their respective occupational functions (i.e., paramedics for EMS and firefighters and fire officers for fire suppression). While fire suppression crews may respond with EMS crews, each division has its own incident reporting and accountability system.

For the purpose of this Case Study, it is neither important nor necessary to have any other data regarding the fire department itself, such as population served, form of government, area of service, etc. In Part 2 (below), you will be given more detailed departmental information that will assist you in your analysis and narration. Once you have created a spreadsheet using this dataset and then created the histogram (bar graph) chart that will graphically represent the data, you will be ready to proceed to Part 2.

Part 2: After you have created the spreadsheet and entered the above data and then created the histogram (bar chart) based on the information in the spreadsheet, you will be ready to complete Part 2. You will begin by opening (creating) a word processing text document using Microsoft Word or similar software.

Copy and paste the histogram (bar chart) you created into the text document you just opened or created. In this segment, you will analyze the output results of the histogram (bar chart).

Your histogram (bar chart) should reveal two bar graphs that align and compare EMS and Fire data. Note the height of the bars in relation to one another and in contrast to each time period. What do you see? At this point, you, as the EFO, should begin writing your professional-level narrative that answers the following questions. You must address each of the following questions; however, you are allowed to make your observations based on your analysis of the output of the histogram.

• What managerial level conclusions are you able to make?
• How would you, as EFO of this department, use this data in your decision-making process while managing the department?
• How can this data output be utilized when making decisions regarding staffing levels?
• How would you utilize the output of the histogram in your decisions for properly equipping the department?
• What trend do you see in the histogram? If this trend were consistent for a seven-day period, what changes, if any, might you need to consider?

There is no “right” or “wrong” response to this exercise. This Case Study requires you to engage analytical and critical thinking in order to respond to the challenges presented. Your narrative should be around two pages long. Clear and concise responses are examples of sound managerial-level skill.

Information about accessing the Blackboard Grading Rubric for this assignment is provided below.

Unit III Mini Project

Two data sets below provide information concerning the causes of fire ignition. Create the indicated types of charts from these data sets. When you have completed both charts, submit them in one document.

1. Use the data set below to create a pie chart, making sure that the data displayed is adequately presented. When creating your pie chart, use the function that displays the percentage of each type of data.

• Use the data set below to create a clustered bar chart, making sure that the data displayed is adequately presented.

Information about accessing the Blackboard Grading Rubric for this assignment is provided below.

Unit IV Case Study

Demand for a New Fire Station 

This Case Study will require you to apply the mathematical and statistical knowledge that you have acquired so far in this course. You will be using data supplied in tables as well as information that will enable to you to incorporate the use of geographical information system (GIS) knowledge and technology into your finished report. You will use spreadsheet software and/or a hand-held calculator in order to compute the required time responses, population trends, and land distances. 

This Case Study requires you to analyze the supplied data to formulate a plan of action and a supporting defense argument for one of the following three outcomes: 

1. Build a new fire station to accommodate anticipated growth in a rapidly developing area of the city. 
2. Maintain the status quo and not build a new station, as the anticipated long-term costs are not justified by the data. 
3. Determine a suitable alternative that allows the staffing of a temporary station, perhaps through use of existing buildings in the area, until such time that a permanent solution can be undertaken. 

After reading the case details provided in the following narrative, you will consider the statistical and mathematical impact and apply those findings to one of the three outcomes listed above. You will then write a minimum five-page analysis of findings that supports and defends your choice of outcome.

You can use information from the Fire Data Analysis Handbook, as well as from other reliable sources when preparing your defense argument. (Note: Unmonitored Web sites such as Wikipedia are not acceptable sources.) Be sure to cite your sources using APA 6th Edition standards. Title and reference pages are not included in the required minimum page count. 

Background Information 

Yule Town is a medium-sized, semi-rural municipality located adjacent to an Interstate highway. It has two exit/entrance ramps—one on the north end and the other on the south end. The town has a mixed occupancy base of use-to-land ratio divided into these groups:

• 50% residential 
• 15% commercial 
• 10% industrial 
• 25% undeveloped heavily wooded area 

The town is divided into four somewhat equal quadrants: Northwest, Northeast, Southeast, and Southwest, designated as NW, NE, SE, and SW, respectively. 

The heavily wooded area is situated entirely in the Southwestern quadrant of the town. Residential occupancies are concentrated in the Northwestern quadrant of the town; residential and commercial groups are located in the Northeastern quadrant, and commercial and industrial are located in the Southeastern quad. 

The center of the town is geographically located in the center of the four quadrants and is a mix of residential and commercial. The center is situated such that it shares an equal portion of each of the four quads.

The town currently has three staffed and equipped fire stations located in quadrants NE, NW, and SE. There is no fire station located in SW quad at this time. The fire department is a combination of full-time paid and on-call-paid personnel.

Full-time staff includes a chief, a captain (who acts as assistance chief), 6 lieutenants, and 12 firefighters/paramedics. 

Stations are equipped as follows: 

• NE Station (#2): 1 pumper and 1 aerial 
• SE Station (#3): 1 pumper and 1 medic unit
• NW Station (#1): 1 pumper and 1 medic unit 
• NE Station (Headquarters): Chief, captain, 1 lieutenant, and 2 firefighter/medics 
• SE Station: not staffed full-time; paid-on-call personnel operate this station when called out 
• NW Station: 1 lieutenant and 2 firefighter/medics 

Full-time firefighters/medic and lieutenants work 24 hour shifts as follows: 24-hours on and then 48-hours off. There are three groups of response personnel. The chief and captain are administrative personnel who work 8-hour shifts, MondayFriday. 

The average response time for emergency apparatus varies between 3 and 9 minutes, depending on the time of day and the volume of calls at any given hour. Approximately 85% of the paid-on-call firefighters work at the various commercial and industrial occupancies in both Station 3 and Station 2 response districts. Employers allow paid-on-call firefighters to leave work and respond to calls. Mutual aid agreements are in place with the three abutting communities. Fire protection in the mutual communities is totally volunteer, and any call for mutual aid requires considerable response times.

The Statistical Challenge 

The mayor of Yule Town has come to you, the chief of the department, with a proposal and plan being made by three of the five owners of the five large tracts of undeveloped land in the SW quad. The three land owners have formed a development corporation, called Three Wise Men, Inc., and wish to turn the undeveloped wooded land into residential properties. Their plan estimates that over a 10-year period, well over 500 single-family homes will be built, and each new home addition will result in an increase in the town’s tax base and, subsequently, an increase in annual tax revenues. 

Three Wise Men, Inc. are asking that Yule Town construct a new fire station in or near the center of the quadrants in anticipation of the new construction. The men are offering a sizable plot of land for the new station; however, they are asking the town to fund the construction. 

The mayor is supportive but highly cautious, as elections are just around the corner, and his re-election platform is NO MORE TAXES! He has given you a copy of the proposal and plan, and asks that you research and analyze available department data to determine the cost-benefit to the town. He suggests that you consider one of the three possibilities given in the earlier dialogue: (1) build new station; (2) do not build new station; or (3) find suitable alternatives, such as temporary housing for a temporary station. 

The Possible Outcome 

Using the data given below, create charts—bar, column, pie, etc.—that will be used in support of your selection of one of the three possible outcomes. Your charts and graphs should include, but not be limited to, finding the mean, the mode, the median, and the variances for the given data. 

You also have access to the Internet and other publications that will add creditability and support to your solution choice and supporting arguments. All work is to be completed and provided in a Word document as if it is an official report. 

There is no “right” or “wrong” answer; each of you will arrive at your own conclusions.

Five-Year Average Data

Information about accessing the Blackboard Grading Rubric for this assignment is provided below.

Unit VI Case Study

For this Case Study, you will use the Excel spreadsheet template linked here. You will also use the data from the three data tables found below. Each table represents a single community’s fires and civilian fire deaths data from a specific 10year period (2001-2010).

Save the blank Excel spreadsheet three times so that you will have a copy available for each community’s information (or you can save it once and just delete each set of data and replace it with the next). If saving it three times, here is a suggestion: Include the community name in the file name containing its data so that you can easily determine which file pertains to which community. The community names are:

• Alpha Town
• Bakersville
• Charlieburg

Using one template for each community’s data, enter the data from each of the three communities into the appropriate cells that correspond to each of the 10 years. As you enter data, you will observe that the lower portion of the template changes in relationship to each data entered.

Once all data has been entered for a community, answer the following questions that correlate to the numerical data output in the template. The set of questions is repeated for each of the three communities as each set of raw data differs from community to community.

Using a Word document (or other type of word processing software), provide a response to each of the 10 questions listed below for each of the three communities. The answers to each of the 10 questions will be found on the Excel spreadsheet under appropriately titled columns or cells following your entry of the data provided in the tables below. Title the list for each community with the community’s name to distinguish between the three sets of answers.

Questions to be answered about Each Community’s Data

1. What is the total number of Fires?
2. What is the total number of Deaths?
3. What is the sum of Fires-Mean Squared?
4. What is the sum of Deaths-Mean Squared?
5. What is the sum of the Cross Product?
6. What is the Mean of Fires?
7. What is the Mean of Deaths?
8. What is the Standard Deviation (SD)?
9. What is the Correlation Coefficient?
10. What is the Coefficient of Determination?

Data Set for Alpha Town

Data Set for Bakersville

Data Set for Charlieburg

You do not have to submit your Excel spreadsheets; their purpose was to help you provide the answers to the questions about each of the three communities. Submit your text document in Unit VI.

Information about accessing the Blackboard Grading Rubric for this assignment is provided below.

Unit VII Case Study

For this assignment, you are to write two Case Study analysis papers. Although the two papers will be submitted as one assignment (and in one document), each has to contain its own cover page and reference page, just as if it were a separate assignment.

Case Studies, Part 1

Read the PDF document titled “Applications of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the Mt. Lebanon Fire Department,” written by Nicholas W. Sohyda, provided in Unit VII. After reading and analyzing this document, prepare a Case Study analysis paper.

The following questions must be addressed in your paper:

1. What was the purpose of the author’s research paper?
2. What makes Mt. Lebanon Fire Department comparable to many other fire departments across America?
3. What was the significance of the Mt. Lebanon study?
4. When compared to 75 other fire departments, what are three of the reasons Mt. Lebanon was identified as making it a leader in the fire service?
5. What does the author point out as justification for Mt. Lebanon Fire Department’s implementation of GIS?
6. What does the author offer as a definition of what GIS is and how it works?
7. According to the author’s research, what are the top four reasons why other departments were prompted to integrate GIS into their departments?
8. According to the author, what potential benefits could the Mt. Lebanon Fire Department gain by having GIS?
9. In your own words:
   1. What do you feel is the greatest cost-benefit of Mt. Lebanon having a GIS in the fire department?
   1. What do you feel Mt. Lebanon will need to address from a resource allocation point of view?

Part 1 of your paper must contain the following components:

1. Cover page
2. Body
3. Reference page

It must be written in proper APA format, with a minimum of three pages, not counting cover or reference pages. APA formatting requirements include: Times New Roman size 12 font, double line spacing, and one-inch margins on all sides.

Case Studies, Part 2

Read the PDF document titled “Critical Need: Assessing Staffing and Resource Allocation within the Grayslake Fire Protection District,” written by John R. Christian, provided in Unit VII. After reading and analyzing this document, prepare a Case Study analysis paper.

The following questions must be addressed in your paper:

1. What was the purpose of the author’s research paper?
2. What does the author identify as the problem?
3. What does the author identify as the significance of his research?
4. The author writes that various staffing options exist. What are some of those options, and how might they impact the Grayslake Fire Protection District?
5. What procedures did the author utilize for his evaluative research?
6. What does the author suggest as being the current staffing model of the Grayslake Fire Protection District?
7. How has the author answered the question of what industry standards are available for determination of fire department staffing and resource allocation?
8. The author makes nearly a dozen recommendations based on his research. Identify four of those recommendations, and summarize their content.
9. In your own words:
   1. What do you feel is the greatest cost-benefit of the author’s research to the Grayslake Fire Protection District?
   1. How do you think GIS would have an impact on the resource allocation efforts of the Grayslake Fire Protection District?

Part 2 of your paper must contain the following components:

1. Cover page
2. Body
3. Reference page

It must be written in proper APA format, with a minimum of three pages, not counting cover or reference pages. APA formatting requirements include: Times New Roman size 12 font, double line spacing, and one-inch margins on all sides.

Information about accessing the Blackboard Grading Rubric for this assignment is provided below.

Unit VIII Final Project

For this Final Project, you will need the Excel spreadsheet that is available here. Background information and raw data sets are provided within the following narrative.

Background Information

You are the chief of operations for the emergency medical services (EMS) division of a metropolitan fire department. You are one of six division chiefs and have held your position for the past seven years. You are a paramedic and have been in EMS since your appointment to the fire department. During your seven-year tenure, you have overseen the daily operations and supervision of two advanced life support (ALS) units, known as medic units. You work Monday through Friday as an administrative employee. The ALS personnel assigned to the EMS division are 12 paramedics who work 24hour shifts. There are three shifts, each having four paramedics; two are assigned to each of the two medic units.

The city for which you work has a year-round population of 49,500 inhabitants. There is a Level One Trauma Hospital in the city. The city is a mix of residential (75%), commercial (15%), and industrial (10%) occupancy. There are three elementary schools, two middle schools, and one senior high school. A three-mile section of the Interstate passes through the southeastern corner of the city, with two exits that allow for entrance and exit onto and off of the Interstate. The city is considered to be an “average American city” with no special national recognition.

The fire department is full-time career personnel. All personnel work the same schedule as the EMS division, 24 hours onduty followed by 48 hours off duty. The average work week consists of 56 hours, and overtime is used for backfilling vacant slots due to illness, vacation, or personal time off. The fire department’s budget is divided into respective sections: fire suppression, fire prevention, fire inspections, fire investigations, EMS, and mechanical maintenance. As stated, each of these six divisions has its respective chief officer.

The two medic units are kept busy during each 24-hour period, averaging 17 EMS calls per day. EMS provides both basic life support (BLS) and ALS pre-hospital care. All EMS calls involving transportation to the hospital are billed to the patient’s insurance carrier. Revenue received from EMS billings is placed into a special account and, by state law, can be used for all EMS-related expenditures except wages and benefits of EMS personnel. At this time, the balance in this account is approximately $1,750,900.00, which represents a five-year accrual averaging about $350,000 annually. During your tenure, you have used this money to purchase replacement medic units, supplies, and other equipment.

The chief of department, who heads all of the department divisions, calls you to a meeting in his office and presents a project for your analysis. The problem he relates is that the annual number of EMS calls has been increasing for the past decade, along with the number of calls for mutual aid medic units. He adds that the town and city managers of three adjoining communities who have been responding with mutual aid for EMS transportation have felt the pinch of budget constraints and are threatening to cancel their voluntary mutual aid participation. The managers have cited that their respective communities cannot afford to lose ALS units to mutual aid calls.

Adding to the complexity of the situation is the fact that the section of your city that is bisected by the Interstate has grown tremendously over the past decade, and the chief of department is considering the addition of a third medic unit to be placed in a new station near the Interstate. He tells you that eventually the proposed station will house an engine company; however, for the present time, only an ALS crew and medic unit will be put into service if analysis supports his plan. He commissions you to conduct a thorough analysis of historical and present data to either support or reject the plan. He asks that you have a full report on his desk in five days.

You decide that you will begin your research by analyzing a 10-year period of the two sets of data; seven of those years were under your supervision as chief. The following table contains the raw data you have mined from the departments records.

Now that you have gathered your raw data, you must enter the data into the spreadsheet. There are two pages on the spreadsheet with tabs at the bottom labeled “Correlation Worksheet” and “Linear Regression.” Your first step is to enter data into the appropriate cells under the same title headings. Once you have entered all 10 years of data, write a response to each of the following questions. Your responses will be used in your final argument—for or against—the creation of a full-time engine crew.

Remember that correlation between two variables is perfect when the correlation is exactly -1 or +1.

Questions required to be answered:

1. What are the total Mutual Aid Assist EMS Calls for the 10-year period?
2. What is the total for EMS Calls for the 10-year period?
3. What is the SUM of Mutual Aid Assist EMS Calls Mean Squared?
4. What is the SUM of EMS Calls Mean Squared?
5. What is the SUM of the Cross-Product?
6. What is the MEAN of all Mutual Aid Assist EMS Calls?
7. What is the MEAN of all EMS Calls?
8. What is the Standard Deviation (Std. Dev.) for Mutual Aid Assist EMS Calls?
9. What is the Standard Deviation (Std. Dev.) for EMS Calls?
10. What is the Correlation of Coefficient for the data set?
11. What is the Correlation of Determination (Coeff. of Det.) for the data set?

You must also answer the following questions that logically follow the analysis:

1. What trend(s) in the relationship between the two variables do you detect?
2. Is the relationship between the Correlation Coefficient and the Coefficient of Determination a perfect correlation?
3. At this point in the analysis, are you able to support or reject the creation of a third full-time ALS crew and building of a new station? Support your answer.

Now continue your data analysis using linear regression. On the master spreadsheet, you will now use the tab titled “Linear Regression.” Here again, you will find a formatted data entry section in the upper left corner of the worksheet that corresponds to the raw data: Mutual Aid Assist EMS Calls and EMS Calls found in the Table below. There is a scatter diagram that is designed to analyze the raw data as you enter the numbers.

As you enter data, you will notice changes occurring on the scatter diagram. Enter the raw data set below into the appropriate cells beneath each of the corresponding headings. As you enter data, changes will develop on the scatter diagram to the right of the data entry section.

After you have entered the 10-year data set, respond to the following questions:

1. What is the independent variable of this data set?
2. What is the dependent variable of this data set?
3. What trend are you able to discern from the data points?
4. What is the linear correlation between the two data?
5. Is the linear regression positive or negative?
6. What would your position now be—to support or to reject—regarding the creation of a third full-time ALS crew and the building of a new station?

Using the five steps of cost-benefit analysis (discussed in the lecture section)—risk assessment, identification, data collection, calculation, and analysis—conduct a cost-benefit analysis of your statistical analysis to either support or reject the request from the chief of the department to open a new station and staff a third ALS medic unit. You are allowed to make assumptions based on the data and information provided and used in analyzing the data sets.

Write your assessment of the present state of your EMS division’s ability to either support or reject the chief’s position. Use of the linear regression from the analysis above must be included in you narration.

In the final segment of this case study project, you will write your brief argument using critical thinking based on your analysis of the data set as provided. Your position must be either to SUPPORT or REJECT the chief’s request. There is no “right” or “wrong” response as different statisticians will discover varying conclusions.

Your paper must be a minimum of five pages long, not counting the cover page and reference page.  Use proper APA format when writing your paper, including in-text citations and references where necessary. You will not be required to submit the Excel spreadsheet. The spreadsheet is to be used for data entry and analysis only. Only the paper, in a Word format, is required to be turned in.

Information about accessing the Blackboard Grading Rubric for this assignment is provided below.

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